The theories and philosophical understanding Essay Example for Free

The theories and philosophical understanding Essay With the advent of the 21st century and the fact that myriad challenges confront the world, it is only through firm disposition and the ability to cope with the persistent challenges of today that one can assuredly survive anything that may press on. And since the birth of the new age, we should take quantum leap towards the furtherance of ourselves to be of benefit to others and most of all to the world in which we live, and be one who can share in the problems of time with dignity, self-reliance, and respect for the diversity of others. These, I firmly believe, is what AUK aims for to provide students not just with knowledge but wisdom, and let them discover their innate best upbringings which will set them to the kind of pedestal they yearn to be. And since, we live in the land of miscellany, where many may have been living with their own ideology and philosophical conception, it is deemed that the young be inculcated with fine understanding of the differences around them and respect for themselves and for diversity. These are what motivated me to aspire to be part of AUK’s community. Because one may beeducated with multitude of theories and philosophical understanding in life for several years, but may not enliven everything he had been told and learned. One may just aspire only for the advantage of himself instead of the progress of many. The underlying principle behind a university which caters to the demand of its studentry is to mold future leaders with high moral standards. With this drive, I can admit to myself that if I will be given a chance to be part of such prestigious community of intellectuals and future benefactors of humanity, I can enhance the its community for I think that the best armament towards the fulfillment of one’s goals and aims is to share the same thing by having it manifested through his actions and performance of duties. I can say that commitment is one which can make a difference and this one of my attributes to commit to anything that will not just be of benefit for but one which I think will also benefit from me. And since commitment works hand in hand with action, I should say that I am also active in performing my duties and responsibilities which have been realized in most of my school activities and other responsibilities at home. If I have not been educated of the importance of taking responsibility, then I would not have been part of our school’s basketball team for four years. Academically, I have always been focused and straightforward for I treasure what my parents would always tell me that education is something which will give you the best weapon to combat innocence and one which will set you apart from the others. It is something which can’t easily be attained but sure enough to be something which will follow its master. I do believe that the concepts and skills I have acquired from my secondary education have equipped me to better understand the intricacies of life and to aspire for more altruistic aims. This I should say I have already started doing, when I volunteered in childen’s hospitals. And I believe that this has been helpful in understanding more the deeper meaning of service to others. All these root from my attachment to my family which I am most proud of. If not because of them, I would not have been looking at things seriously as possible. These attribute which set forth from our home to the school have ameliorated me to become someone who aspire to be sculpted to a better individual with greater hopes soaring high.

Encounter Between the Hawaiians and Captain Cook Essay -- History Hawa

Encounter Between the Hawaiians and Captain Cook The arguments of Marshall Sahlins and Gananath Obeseyekere with regard to the cross-cultural encounter between Captain Cook and his men demonstrated different viewpoints and beliefs pertaining to whether or not Captain Cook and his men were perceived to be gods by the Hawaiians. Sahlins and Obeyesekere based the validity of Cook’s deification on several factors that will be focused on below. They both used the physical aspects of Captain Cook in relation to his being perceived as a god or not by the Hawaiians. Sahlins and Obeyesekere argued that the light color of Cook’s skin, his having a physical, human form, the different language that he spoke, his cleanliness, and thinness played a role in how the natives perceived Cook. Sahlins and Obeyesekere also discussed the question of whether or not Cook’s arrival occurred during the Makahiki festival and how this would have affected the views of the natives. The natives could have paralled Cook’s visit with th e return of Lono during this festival, or they could have found to many discrepancies between their beliefs and what they actually observed to believe that Cook was Lono or even a god at all. Both men also attempted to determine whether or not the natives viewed Cook as a god using their own theories of how the Hawaiians thought. Sahlins held the belief that the natives perceived Cook and his men to be gods using his theory of stereotypic reproduction. He defined this theory as a â€Å"society replicating past structures by fitting in present events into pregiven categories†.1 On the other hand, Obeyesekere believed that this wasn’t so, arguing with his theory of practical rationality, which he defined as the common, biological cha... ... Think: About Captain Cook, For Example (The University of Chicago Press, 1995), 245. 2. Gananath Obeyesekere, The Apotheosis of Captain Cook: European Mythmaking in The Pacific (Princeton University Press, 1997), 19. 3. Gananath Obeyesekere, The Apotheosis of Captain Cook, 61. 4. Gananath Obeyesekere, The Apotheosis of Captain Cook, 63, 64. 5. Marshall Sahlins, How "Natives" Think, 6, 8. 6. Gananath Obeyesekere, The Apotheosis of Captain Cook, 65. 7. Marshall Sahlins, How "Natives" Think, 171. 8. Marshall Sahlins, How "Natives" Think, 77. 9. Gananath Obeyesekere, The Apotheosis of Captain Cook, 59. 10. Marshall Sahlins, How "Natives" Think, 32, 33. 11. Marshall Sahlins, How "Natives" Think, 227. 12. Gananath Obeyesekere, The Apotheosis of Captain Cook, 61. 13. Gananath Obeyesekere, The Apotheosis of Captain Cook, 64.

Essay Writing

Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan is a quantitative success: IIM study There are some good tidings for the Union Human Resource Development Ministry from its flagship enterprise, the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), to universalise elementary education. A study conducted by the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (IIM-A), has found that the SSA has met with considerable success quantitatively if not qualitatively.While quality remains an area of concern, the SSA has been able to bridge the enrolment, retention and achievement gaps between the sexes and among social groups. According to the IIM-A study titled `Shiksha Sangam: Innovations under the SSA,' the out-of-school population had come down from 28. 5 per cent of the six-to-14 year age group in 2001 to 6. 94 per cent by the end of 2005. Dropout rates at the primary level stands at about 12 per cent and 190 of the 400 districts were showing a declining trend in 2005-2006.The SSA has been able to bring Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes ( SC/STs) — weak points in earlier efforts to universalise elementary education — into the educational mainstream. Greater share The share of SC/ST children at the primary level in 2004-2005 was actually greater than their respective proportion of the population: 20. 73 per cent in the case of SCs against a population share of 16. 2 per cent and 10. 69 per cent against a population share of 8. per cent. The gender gap in enrolment now stands at 4. 2 percentage points at the primary level and 8. 8 percentage points at the upper primary level. In 2005-2006, there were only 22 districts (of the 400 for which data was available) where the gender gap was more than 10 percentage points at the primary level. However, the success rate on this count in the upper primary level is not so good as 82 districts have reported a gap of more than 15 percentage points. Essay Writing Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan is a quantitative success: IIM study There are some good tidings for the Union Human Resource Development Ministry from its flagship enterprise, the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), to universalise elementary education. A study conducted by the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (IIM-A), has found that the SSA has met with considerable success quantitatively if not qualitatively.While quality remains an area of concern, the SSA has been able to bridge the enrolment, retention and achievement gaps between the sexes and among social groups. According to the IIM-A study titled `Shiksha Sangam: Innovations under the SSA,' the out-of-school population had come down from 28. 5 per cent of the six-to-14 year age group in 2001 to 6. 94 per cent by the end of 2005. Dropout rates at the primary level stands at about 12 per cent and 190 of the 400 districts were showing a declining trend in 2005-2006.The SSA has been able to bring Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes ( SC/STs) — weak points in earlier efforts to universalise elementary education — into the educational mainstream. Greater share The share of SC/ST children at the primary level in 2004-2005 was actually greater than their respective proportion of the population: 20. 73 per cent in the case of SCs against a population share of 16. 2 per cent and 10. 69 per cent against a population share of 8. per cent. The gender gap in enrolment now stands at 4. 2 percentage points at the primary level and 8. 8 percentage points at the upper primary level. In 2005-2006, there were only 22 districts (of the 400 for which data was available) where the gender gap was more than 10 percentage points at the primary level. However, the success rate on this count in the upper primary level is not so good as 82 districts have reported a gap of more than 15 percentage points.

Palliative Care Nursing

Introduction Palliative is a concept of care that provides coordinated medical service to patients with progressive incurable diseases.The allied health service is proactive and seeks to improve the lives of individuals that are faced with life threatening diseases and their families. Dying and death are part of life and as such palliative care offers the patients a holistic care service that includes social, psychological and spiritual care (1, p.33). Therefore palliative care aims at ensuring that the patients and their families lead the best quality of life without having to be stressed about their condition. This essay takes a critical look at the philosophy and principles of palliative care and how they apply in nursing care. Discussion on the Statement The philosophical statement given by the World Health Organisation on palliative care is directed at ensuring that the patients have the best quality of life even when they have terminal illnesses. Palliative care is extended to the family of the patients to ensure that they continue to lead normal lives despite the challenges caused by the terminal diseases. In the past, patients with terminal illnesses were seen as sufferers and with the continual advancement of the disease, care was focused was on lessening the pain for the dying patients. However, with the development of palliative care, the dying patients are no longer seen as sufferers but as other normal patients and are given specialised care from designated professionals (5, p. 23). These professionals maintain humaneness as a core value and must respect the law with regards to the patients and their families and include them in all key decisions. The care is comprehensively provided to manage physical, psychological, social and spiritual needs of the patients and their families. Palliative care is governed by principles that govern its practice. In the nursing profession, the nurses affirm life and regard dying as a normal process. This is a message that is communicated to both the patients and their families to help them accept the harsh reality of life. Communication is an important part of the process and as such the nurses are required to communicate with the patients and their families in the best possible manner. The nurses are required not to hasten or postpone the death of the ailing patients. They are instead required to relieve the patients from pain and distress to ensure that they improve the patient’s quality of life. Principles of Palliative Care in Nursing Palliative care is governed by some core principles that the professionals like nurses, doctors, counsellors and social workers are supposed to adhere to. This section takes a critical look at the principles of palliative care as they apply to the palliative care of patients and families in nursing care. Successful incorporation of palliative care in nursing practice is not a function of complex specialist environments, medical interventions or availability of drugs and disciplines (3, p54). The principles highlighted here apply to nurses working in any environment where they encounter the dying. The principles are discussed under the following themes: Emphasis on the quality of life Palliative care should be centred on the quality of life of the patients and their families. The nurses are required to encourage the patients and their families and help them focus on the quality of the life of the patient and not the number of days left to live. Quality of life is defined differently depending on the patient and the disease. The nurses improve the quality of life of the patient by managing the distressing symptoms in order to positively impact the course of the illness. The nursing palliative care team should help the patients and their families enjoy their lives to the maximum while facing the complex medical conditions (10, p. 74). Communication plays an integral part in the nursing palliative care and as such the nurses are required to continually speak with the patients and their families about their wishes, desires and what quality of life means to them (6, p. 63). The communication on quality of life should start early in the course of the illness when the ol der members of the family are able to contribute before they get stressed and start making immediate decisions. The emphasis on quality of life improves management of symptoms and communication between the nurses and the family. Patient and family are the focus of care This is a core principle that cuts across all settings because the patients and their families are the unit of care, not the disease (2, p. 77). Palliative care addresses the meaning of suffering, life, death and disease within the context of each family unit. It recognises the fact that all family members will be part of the disease process and as such their views and individual care plans must be taken into account in the palliative care. Symptom Management The nurses are required to assess and treat symptoms using the least invasive ways that will not cause more distress than the original symptom (7, p. 80). Interdisciplinary collaboration, frequent assessment, communication and appropriate management are important concepts of symptom management in palliative care. Symptom management should always be the start of diagnosis in patients with life threatening diseases or those that are potentially life threatening. This should be continued throughout the treatment process in order to improve the patient’s quality of life (3, p. 87). Communication and Decision Making Communication with the patients and family should be done clearly, collaboratively and compassionately in order to improve the patient’s quality of life (8, p. 81). Communication with the patients and family is important as it ensures that the family and patients are consistently updated on the course of the disease and treatment. The patients and their families depend on frequent, consistent communication on sensitive and difficult information and may at times need repetition of facts. The communication should be both ways as the nurses should listen to the views of the patients and their families in order to be able to provide care that suits their needs in all ways including culturally and spiritually (11, p. 101). It also allows the family members to reveal more about the patient as this information may be useful in the treatment process depending on the disease. Recommendations for Palliative Nursing Care As already indicated earlier in the discussion, it is not easy to fully implement the principles of palliative nursing care. However, nurses should try hard to ensure that these principles are fully implemented in nursing care. Palliative care can be further incorporated through good hospital practice with nurses spending more time with the patients and their families to discuss and plan care within a multidisciplinary team framework (4, p. 15). The nurses should pursue a partnership approach and make good use of open and honest communication with the patients, relatives and the health team. Such ideology is important in nursing philosophy of individualised care that embraces a holistic approach and active patient participation in care (9, p. 71). The nurses should reintegrate palliative care into the culture of the hospitals. This reintegration into the hospital culture will be helpful to the patients particularly those with terminal illnesses. This is very critical because nurses a re often at the forefront of general delivery of palliative care within the hospital. They are very well placed and should use their position to help uncover better ways of improving the quality of care to the patients and their families. Lastly, the nurses should receive palliative care education to ensure that they are equipped with the knowledge and management skills necessary for dealing with patients and their relatives as they have diverse personalities, cultures and beliefs. Conclusion Palliative care is very important to the patients and their families particularly those with terminal illnesses. This essay has explored the philosophy and principles of palliative care in nursing and has concluded by making recommendations on how hospitals can incorporate it within their cultures. For effective implementation of palliative care in nursing, the nurses need to be well educated on palliative care and how to conduct it in order to minimise misunderstands between them and the patients and their relatives. Proper implementation and execution of palliative care is important in improving the quality of lives of the patients and their families, especially those with terminal or potentially terminal illnesses. Therefore nurses should engage the patients and their relatives in all key decisions to ensure that they get as much information from them in time before the levels of stress get high. Such information is important and can be used in providing individualised care to the patients. References Aitken, Sandra. Community Palliative Care The Role of the Clinical Nurse Specialist. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 2009. Bern-Klug, Mercedes. Transforming Palliative Care in Nursing Homes: The Social Work Role. New York: Columbia University Press, 2010. Byrne, Judi. Palliative Care in Neurological Disease: A Team Approach. Oxford: Radcliffe Pub, 2009. Foyle, Lorna, and Janis Hostad. Illuminating the Diversity of Cancer and Palliative Care Education: Sharing Good Practice. Oxford: Radcliffe Pub, 2010. Lugton, Jean, and Rosemary McIntyre. Palliative Care: The Nursing Role. Edinburgh: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone, 2005. Matzo, Marianne, and Deborah Witt Sherman. Palliative Care Nursing: Quality Care to the End of Life. New York: Springer Pub. Co, 2010. Payne, Sheila, Jane Seymour, and Christine Ingleton. Palliative Care Nursing Principles and Evidence for Practice. Maidenhead, Berkshire, England: Open University Press, 2004. Payne, Sheila, Jane Seymour, and Christine Ingleton. Palliative Care Nursing: Principles and Evidence for Practice. Maidenhead: Open University Press, 2008. Perrin, Kathleen Ouimet. Palliative Care Nursing: Caring for Suffering Patients. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2012. Pfund, Rita. Palliative Care Nursing of Children and Young People. Oxford: Radcliffe, 2007. Stevens, Elaine, Susan Jackson, and Stuart Milligan. Palliative Nursing Across the Spectrum of Care. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 2009

Witte And Stolypin Essay For Wilcock Essays

Witte And Stolypin Essay For Wilcock Essays Witte And Stolypin Essay For Wilcock Essay Witte And Stolypin Essay For Wilcock Essay For example White improved Russians production of raw material during the great spurt and stolidly reformed agriculture through things such as the strip system. Sergei White contributed massively o the industrial and economic expansion in Russia in the 1 8905 but only later on, after the economic trouble of 1901-1902 where 2400 firms closed, and during the great spurt(1892 did he make huge improvements. A major example Of how White improved Russians industrial standing was the completion of the trans-Siberian railway in 1 903 after its 10 year construction. It extended Russians railways from 30,km in 1890 to 60,km in 1 904, and therefore Since the railway stretched across most of Russia, it allowed for resources in areas such as Siberia to be made use of since prior to its instruction there was no way to reach them. This was reflected in the increasing production of coal, iron and oil, which all nearly tripled in-between 1900 and 1910. Communication between the central cities of Russia such as Baku, SST. Petersburg and Moscow increased along with their populations due to people making use of the railway and migrating to the cities. Baku for example grew from 12 thousand people in 1897 to 211 thousand people, and due to it being the centre of oil production, oil output rose from 3. 9 million tones to 9. 7 in 1910. White therefore, through the Trans Siberian railway yester drastically transformed Russians industry. Alongside this he had accomplishments in other areas such as the economy, for example in 1894 he managed to produce 30% of Russians revenue through establishment of the state liquor monopoly. And in 1 887 he put the ruble on the gold standard, which resulted Russians budget doubling and investment increasing. The military was another area which the growth of industry benefited as production of war materials grew significantly. Overall the culmination of all Whites achievements massively transformed Russians industry in a massively costive way, however agriculture in comparison to industry had no major reforms, which can be seen as one of his failures. Whites successor peter Stolidly had a shift in focus compared to Whites who singularly focused on industry. Since Russians heritage and main form of income and output throughout its history was agriculture, he believed it was the more important sector to focus on. Also due to his tsarist ideals he aimed to prevent another revolution so therefore aimed to improve the position of the peasantry. In terms Of agricultural transformations, the expansion Of the areas actually used for farming was a huge step forward. This was achieved through the incentives of cheap land in Siberia with the aid of government loans. These loans were also made more enticing due to the abolishment of the redemption payments on New Years Day 1907 which meant the agricultural workers werent tied down by other loans and payments. These reforms under Stolidly were considerably successful as in 1 906, agricultural production was 45. Million tones but by 1 91 3 it was 61. 7 million tones. The lives of those actually doing the work were also transformed due the peasants being freed from the commune under the law of 9 in November 906 and then financial aid was given in the form of the land bank after its creation on the 1 5th November 1906. Arguably one of Cytolysiss most effec tive reforms was the strip system. Allowing for the equal distribution of land along with a more effective farming method agricultural production rose massively and peasant owning their own land increased from 20% to 50% in between 1905 and 1915. The creation of the kulaks also improved agriculture since the new class of peasants were more hard working and motivated in comparison to their previous ways of being lazy and inefficient. Stolidly and his numerous reforms did undoubtedly transform Russians agriculture and improved upon its position in relation to agriculture before he took charge, however his reforms were cut short by the start of howl and Russians needs changed. However both Stolidly and White had drawback during their time as chief minister to the Tsar. White focused solely on industry without any notable thought to Russians agricultural position, which is reflected in the slow increase in cereal production in-between 1 890 and 1900 of 36 million tones to 56 million tones in comparison to the tripling of industrial production in the same timeshare. Living conditions in the urban areas decreased rapidly during Whites mass arbitration as the crowds that flooded into the towns and cities after the railways completion had nowhere to go since it all occurred to fast for the cities to expand and be able to accommodate the increasing populous. Also in relation to arbitration and industrial growth, everything he achieved, although it was a step forward for the previously backwards Russia, was far behind that of the western world. To support this it can be said that he did not transform industry and actually oaken it by urbanism to much since due to poor conditions, in some cases famine occurred which reduced Russians output as workers were not as effective.

Holmium Facts - Element Atomic Number 67

Holmium Facts - Element Atomic Number 67 Holmium is atomic number 67 with element symbol Ho. It is a rare earth metal belonging to the lanthanide series. HolmiumBasic Facts Atomic Number: 67 Symbol: Ho Atomic Weight: 164.93032 Discovery: Delafontaine 1878 or J.L. Soret 1878 (Switzerland) Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f11 6s2 Element Classification: Rare Earth (Lanthanide) Word Origin: Holmia, the Latinized name for Stockholm, Sweden. Holmium Physical Data Density (g/cc): 8.795 Melting Point (K): 1747 Boiling Point (K): 2968 Appearance: relatively soft, malleable, lustrous, silvery metal Atomic Radius (pm): 179 Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 18.7 Covalent Radius (pm): 158 Ionic Radius: 89.4 (3e) Specific Heat (20Â °C J/g mol): 0.164 Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 301 Pauling Negativity Number: 1.23 First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 574 Oxidation States: 3 Lattice Structure: Hexagonal Lattice Constant (Ã…): 3.580 Lattice C/A Ratio: 1.570 References: Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001), Crescent Chemical Company (2001), Langes Handbook of Chemistry (1952), CRC Handbook of Chemistry Physics (18th Ed.) What is an element? Return to the Periodic Table

Critical analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Critical analysis - Essay Example Thus unjust measures enforced by the so called laws came to an end. Almost all the works ever produced in the history have philosophical identity. The philosophers’ writings on various subjects signify their philosophical ideas and themes which they articulate and suppose in order to distinguish between good and evil. Philosophy and logic are eager to study the techniques and theories applied in making distinction between correct and incorrect reasoning. Logic is, Copi views, the study of the methods and principles used to differentiate good (correct) from bad (incorrect) reasoning. (1986:3.) The main objective behind logic is analysis of ones own thinking, which helps an individual in evaluating the knowledge he has attained on the one hand and to support his mental growth and cognitive development on the other. Furthermore, comprehensive and in-depth examination of thinking is highly beneficial in order to draw out divergence between good and evil as well as right and wrong. The same is the case with the Hindu Brahman came across by Voltaire. Voltaire is of the opinion that levels of satisfaction as well as mode of feeling happy vary from one individual to the other. Since human societies have been divided into countless categories including caste, class, creed, community, clan, tribe, region, religion, race, age-group and socioeconomic status, their views, habits and thinking are also differ from one another. Some of the individuals seek happiness and contentment in simple and plain way of leading life within the set up of their personal little worries, little knowledge and commitment to their everyday tasks and routine life. On the contrary, another stratum of society declares knowledge and wisdom as the first and foremost thing, and struggles hard to seek more and more wisdom and foresight. The desire for acquiring for more knowledge realizes the